What happened like today in Greece and the world.
921: The Treaty of Bonn is signed: The Frankish kings Charles III of France and Henry I the Poultry conclude a peace treaty, or agreement of friendship, to recognize their borders along the Rhine.
1185: The Byzantine general, Alexios Vranas, defeats the Normans in a battle near Strymonas. He prevents them from marching against Constantinople, after the capture of Dyrrachium and Thessaloniki.
1492: The first recorded meteorite fall in Europe is recorded. It is the “Lightning Stone”, as it is called in a medieval manuscript, in the town of Enesheim in Alsace.
1665: The first page of the English newspaper “London Gazette” is published. It is the oldest surviving newspaper.
1677: Edmund Halley observes the transit of the planet Mercury from the island of Saint Helena.
1848: In the first US presidential election held on the same day in all states, Zachary Taylor emerges as the winner.
1867: The Franco-Polish physicist, Marie Sklodowska Curie, better known as Madame Curie, is born, who will discover the element “radium” and will be awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
1893: Colorado becomes the second US state to grant women the right to vote.
1910: The Wright brothers make the first air cargo shipment (from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio).
1911: The Ecumenical Patriarchate closes the churches located in Turkey, until the persecution of Christians stops.
1917: During World War I, British forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.
1917: As part of the October Revolution, Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks enter the Winter Palace and seize power in Russia (10/25/1917 on the old calendar).
1918: Spanish flu spreads to Western Samoa, killing 7,542 people (about 20% of the population) by the end of the year.
1921: In Italy, Benito Mussolini founds the National Fascist Party (PNF) and declares himself its “duke” or leader.
1926: Elections are held in Greece, the first by simple proportional representation and by ballot after the abolition of the ballot box. Neither of the two major parties (Liberal and Popular) form an independent government.
1929: The Museum of Modern Art in New York opens its doors.
1940: The (then) third longest bridge in the world, the Tacoma Bridge in Washington, DC, collapses just four months after it was built.
1943: The Nazis destroy most of Karpenisi with fire.
1944: Franklin Roosevelt is elected president of the United States for the fourth time.
1949: The first meeting of the European Council takes place in Paris.
1951: Frank Sinatra marries Ava Gardner. They will spend their honeymoon in Havana, Cuba.
1956: In the context of the Suez Crisis, the UN General Assembly, with 65 votes to 1, requests that the invading forces (Great Britain, France and Israel) leave Egypt.
1963: In Legende, Germany, 11 miners are rescued 14 days after the mine collapse. The event will be known as “Legend’s miracle”.
1972: Richard Nixon is re-elected president of the United States, defeating his opponent, George McGovern.
1978: An unprecedented case of isolation in Greek history is revealed in Greece, in the village of Kostalexi Fthiotida, with the victim a 47-year-old woman, who for 29 whole years was kept locked up by her parents in the basement of her house.
1985: The 28-hour siege of the Palace of Justice by rebels in Bogotá, Colombia, ends with a death toll of 100 (including the 10 hostages and the president of the Supreme Court).
1985: Rubin “Hurricane” Carter is released from prison after 19 years. The 48-year-old boxer was convicted of a triple murder in 1966. Bob Dylan wrote a song about him and director Norman Jewison made a movie about his life, titled “The Hurricane” and starring Denzel Washington.
1990: Mary Robinson becomes Ireland’s first female president.
1991: The famous American basketball player, Earvin “Magic” Johnson, announces that he is a carrier of AIDS and retires from competitive action.
1996: A Boeing 727 plane crashes into a pond in Lagos, Nigeria, killing 143.
2000: The most controversial presidential election in US history takes place. George W. Bush (47.9% and 30 states) and Al Gore (48.4% and 20 states) are dueling for a few votes. Americans, however, must wait until December 14 to learn the name of their new president. The winner, “anointed” by the Supreme Court, is the Republican candidate and the loser is the Democratic outgoing vice president. Hillary Clinton becomes the first wife of a former president to hold public office as she is elected senator.
2000: Puerto Rico elects its first female governor, Sila Maria Calderon, with 48.5% of the vote.
2004: The referendum in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to annul the law on the new administrative division of the country is inconclusive, due to low participation (25%).
2006: The bill for the establishment of the Islamic mosque in Athens is passed by the Plenary of the Parliament.
2011: Michael Jackson’s personal physician, dr. Conrad Murray was sentenced to four years in prison, charged with negligent homicide for the death of the great singer.
2012: Barack Obama is re-elected president of the USA for the second time, defeating his great opponent, Mitt Romney.
2013: The MAT, with a prosecutor’s order, enters the ERT Radio Building.
2020: President Donald Trump refuses to concede his nomination to Biden and has vowed to challenge the results in court, alleging widespread voter fraud.
2021: Nicaraguans go to the polls to elect their president. Incumbent Daniel Ortega is running for a fourth term despite international condemnation of the election due to the arrest and imprisonment of several opposition candidates.
Births
630 – Constans II, Byzantine emperor
1598 – Francisco de Thurbaran, Spanish painter
1728 – James Cook, English explorer and cartographer
1867 – Marie Curie, Polish scientist
1878 – Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist
1879 – Leon Trotsky, Russian politician
1886 – Aron Nimzovich, Russian chess player
1888 – Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist
1888 – Chandrasekhara Raman, Indian physicist
1898 – Raphael Salem, Greek mathematician
1903 – Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist
1908 – Ion Filoti Cantacuzinos, Romanian actor
1913 – Albert Camus, French writer, journalist and philosopher
1917 – Titos Vandis, Greek actor
1918 – Billy Graham, American evangelist
1921 – Andreas Athens, American businessman of Greek Cypriot origin
1926 – Joan Sutherland, Australian tweeter
1943 – Sylvia Cartwright, New Zealand politician
1943 – Joni Mitchell, Canadian songwriter
1944 – Luigi Riva, Italian football player
1947 – Kostis Papagiorgis, Greek writer
1952 – David Petraeus, American soldier
1956 – Jonathan Palmer, British veteran racing driver
1960 – Olga Malea, Greek director
1967 – David Guetta, French DJ and producer
1977 – Andres Oper, Estonian football player
1986 – Duchess of Nomikou, Greek presenter and model
1990 – David De Gea, Spanish footballer
1991 – Penelope Plaka, Greek actress
Deaths
644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, Arab caliph
1493 – Andrei Bolshoi, Russian prince
1633 – Cornelius Drebel, Dutch inventor
1898 – Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
1913 – Alfred Russell Wallace, Welsh biologist and geographer
1952 – Philippos Karvelas, Greek gymnast
1959 – Victor McLaglen, English actor
1962 – Eleanor Roosevelt, American politician
1980 – Steve McQueen, American actor
1987 – Agis Stinas, Greek political activist
1990 – Lawrence Durrell, British writer
1992 – Aleksandar Dubcek, Slovak politician
2000 – Ingrid of Sweden, Queen of Denmark
2010 – Smaro Stefanidou, Greek actress
2013 – Manfred Rommel, German politician
2016 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian songwriter
2019 – Janet Sherman, American physician, author and pioneer in occupational and environmental health
2020 – Jonathan Sachs, former Chief Rabbi of the Commonwealth and member of the House of Lords
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